Automatic synchronization



2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed April 22 r E l T r maw Km 1....: N u Imm A me A Y a Aug. 17, 1954 A. J. BARACKET STAI.

AUTOMATIC sYNcHRoNIzATIoN Filed April 22, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 S p EE l r 8 um. S Q mwmmw T2 n wm f mw I Il m JWN M @im Patented Aug. 17, 1954 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,686,833 AUTOMATIC SYNCHRONIZATION Albert J. Baracket, Bloomfield, and Emanuel Stein, Fair Lawn, N. J., assig'nors to International Telephone and a corporation of Maryla Application April z2, 1952, serial No. 283,722 zo claims. (c1. 17asasl This invention relates to synchronizing circuits and more particularly to automatic synchronizing of sweep circuits from either driving synchronizing pulses or a composite video signal of a television or similar system.

In television studios, a number of picture and waveform monitors are required at various locations for checking or monitoring purposes. 'Ihe number of different signals that one particular monitor surveys may vary from one to a dozen or more. Some of these signals will be at the output of camera control or iconoscope film equipments and as such will contain only a video signal and a blanking or pedestal signal. The remaining signals surveyed will be from master control, or from a relay link receiver, or similar equipment, in which case the signal will contain in addition to the video and blanking signal, the mixed synchronizing pulses.

The synchronization of monitor sweep circuits in the prior art depends on either of the following schemes. Monitors have been synchronized from the separated synchronizing pulses on a composite video signal or from the horizontal and vertical driving pulses separately connected in the case where the signal input is a video signal without synchronizing pulses. To facilitate the operation of such a system, a station technician must operate a sync-drive switch in order to change from monitoring a composite signal to monitoring a video signal where synchronizing pulses are not present therein. The other scheme for synchronizing monitors includes the same provisions as the previous scheme with the difference residing in the installation of a special synchronizing pulse inserter located ahead of the picture monitor. This special inserter places a synchronizing pulse in all video signals coming from the camera, removing the necessity of the technician operating a sync-drive switch of the previous scheme.

The first system is objectionable due to the necessity of manually causing the synchronizing pulses for the monitor sweep circuits from an external source of driving pulses to be introduced when synchronizing pulses are not present in the video signal being monitored. The latter scheme provides that synchronizing pulses will be present in the video signals regardless of the location of monitoring. However, this requires an extra expenditure by the station for the equipment necessary to insert these synchronizingy pulses. Therefore, it is an object of this invention to provide circuitry which causes television sweep circuits to be automatically synchronized,

Telegraph Corporation, nd

2 regardless of whether the video signal does or does not contain synchronizing pulses.

A feature of this invention is the utilization of the novel circuitry to cause a television monitor sweep circuit to be automatically synchronized from either separate horizontal and vertical driving synchronizing pulses, hereafter referred to as driving pulses, or from the pulses derived from the composite picture signals. The circuitry hereinafter described depends for its operation upon the character of the input signal itself, and eliminates the need for an operators manual selection or the installation of extra equipment to insert synchronizing pulses into each camera signal lto be monitored.

Another feature ofn this invention is the connection ofv the horizontal and vertical driving pulses tothe regular synchronizing pulse separating circuit of the television monitor through anvamplier circuit, one for each of the sweep circuits. The circuitry is so arranged that the incoming signal, with or without synchronizing pulses develops a voltage which is applied to the amplifier circuits such that if a synchronizing pulse is'V available on the incoming signal, then the stripped synchronizing pulse therefrom is passed to the sweep circuits'for synchronizing the television sweep circuits. However, if the incoming signal contains no synchronizing pulses, then the voltage thereby developed is such as to allow passage of the driving pulses to synchronize the television sweep circuits.

The above-mentioned and other features and objects of this invention will ybecome more apparent by reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in'which:

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment in accordance with the principles of this invention;

Fig. 2 illustrates waveforms at the indicated points in Fig. 1 for control of the synchronizing pulses to be applied to the television sweep circuits; and

Fig. 3 is the preferred schematic diagram of Fig. 1.

Referring to Fig. 1, a block diagram is illustrated wherein the horizontal and vertical synchronizing driving sources l and 2 are connected at all times to their respective amplifier circuits 3 and 4, incorporated as a portion of the synchronizing pulse separating circuit of a television receiver, shown in this instance as a synchronizing pulse separating circuit of a television studio monitor. The synchronizing pulse separating circuit illustrated in this embodiment comprises a pulse detector which includes a synchronizing stripper 5 and a pulse width discriminator or pulse shaper t and a control device which includes a bias generator l and a control and synchronizing separator circuit 8. The video signal from video source 9, with or without synchronizing pulses, is shown entering the synchronizing separating circuit. This video source is preierablya video amplier incorporated in the picture-synchronizing pulse separator section of a television picture monitor. As hereabove explained, this video signal may come from a camera chain ahead of the synchronizing circuit in which case synchronizing pulses normally will not be present, or this video signal may be a composite picture signal from a remote location in which case the synchronizing pulses will be present. In the former situation, the synchronizing pulses are ap lied to the sweep circuits automatically from the driving sources i and 2, while in the latter situation, the synchronizing pulses applied to the sweep circuits are derived from the composite picture signal and the pulses from the driving sources i and 2 are automatically removed or blocked from the input terminals l@ and Il of the horizontal and vertical sweep circuits, respectively.

The video signal from the source 9, with or without synchronizing pulses, is applied to the synchronizing stripper 5 comprising a pentode type electron discharge device having a sharp cut-01T characteristic. Incorporated. in the control grid circuit of this electron discharge device is located a D.C. restoring circuit which cooperates with the sharp cut-o characteristic of said device to separate the synchronizing pulses from the video signal of a composite picture signal. The components employed inthe D.C. restoring or clamping circuit are so arranged that between 10% and 20% of the pulse tips will be clipped and will appear at the anode electrode of the device 5 irrespective of whether synchronizing pulses are present or not. Thus, at the anode electrode there is present a pulse train comprising amplified clipped horizontal and vertical synchronizing pulses in the case of a composite video signal or the horizontal and vertical blanking pulse clipped tops in the case of a video signal without synchronizing pulses. The pulse train at the anode is then conducted to two points in the system, one point being the pulse width discriminator or shaper and the other point being the control device 8.'

In the output circuit of control device Zi, the horizontal and vertical synchronizing pulses, when present in the video signal,`are separated for application to their respective sweep circuits through amplifiers 3 and ll. A detailed description of the operation of the devices '5, t, l, and 8 will follow hereinbelow in connection with Fig. 3.

'It may be generally stated that the input to shaper 6 will consist of either an amplified clipped horizontal synchronizing pulse in the ucase of a composite picture signal or a clipped pedestal or blanking pulse in the case of a video signal without synchronizing pulses. Shaper 6 is iurther characterized by having a delay line in its plate circuit having an electrical length equal to somewhat greater than one-half the horizontal synchronizing pulse duration, or instance, approximately 3 microseconds. The delay line is open at its far end providing an approximate delay of 6 microseconds before the delayed pulse will appear at the output of the Shaper 6, This delayed pulse as well as the undelayed pulse is applied to the input of the bias generator l.

Fig. 2 illustrates in curve A a representative composite picture signal applied to synchronizing stripper 5, in curve B the clipped signal at the output of stripper 5 derived from curve A, in curves C and D the two possible video signals that may be present at the input to the pulse shaper 6, and in curves E and F the respective resultant output therefrom, including the original pulse and the time delayed pulse. In the case of a composite picture signal as shown in curve A, the stripped horizontal synchronizing pulses of curve C are applied to the input to the Shaper 6, producing at the output therefrom the two pulses with a very short separation therebetween, as shown in the curve E. In the case of a picture signal or video without synchronizing pulses similar to curve A ii the synchronizing and equalizing pulses were removed therefrom, the blanking or pedestal pulses oi curve D are applied to the input of the Shaper 6, producing at the output therefrom the pulses as shown in the curve F. The narrow pips or peaks l2 are caused by the overlap or coincidence in part between the blanking pulses of curve D and its delayed counterpart. It would oi course be possible to clip or strip the curve A in such a manner that if synchronizing pulses are present, a control voltage will be produced and the absence of synchronizing pulses will produce no control voltage. Changes may be made in the circuit responsive to control voltages to provide a functioning of these circuits inthe presence or absence of control voltages in a manner substantially as herein described in accordance with the control voltages developed by pulses of curves E and F.

The output of the bias generator l of Fig. 1 is applied to an integrating circuit whose D.-C. output is negative and proportional to the duration of the elevated pulse i2, shown in curve F of Fig. 2, which is of suicient amplitude to overcome the negative bias on its grid. For the sharper pulses I2 resulting from the application oi a video signal without synchronization pulses, considerable D.C. will be generated. For the double pulse with a narrow separation, as shown in curve E, very little D.C`. will be generated. Such 'an integrating circuit incorporated in a model of an embodiment of this invention allows the attainment of a D.-C. voltage change from 0.5 volt to 9.`0 volts for the two conditions which may bepresent. The resultant D.-C'. voltage from the integration circuit, with or without ampliiication, is used to determine whether the stripped synchronizing pulses from a composite type picture signal, substantially as shown in curve B, or the horizontal and vertical driving pulses from sources I and 2, respectively, are to enter the sweep circuits, by terminals IB and H, of the monitor. Therefore, the choice of using the synchronizing pulses from a composite picture signal or the horizontal and vertical driving pulses depends on the character of the signal itself, thereby producing an automatic synchronization of the monitor sweep circuits.

An electron discharge device included in control device 8 is biased to cut-off by a voltage from the integrating circuit located at the output of the bias generator 'i when under the influence of a video signal without synchronizing pulses. With the electron discharge device or control device 8 cut-off, no synchronizing pulses may be derived therefrom. However, synchronizing tively. When the integrating pulses are presented vto terminalsk :tu and il from the horizontal and vertical driving sources .lfland Zathrough the amplier devices 3 and .4, respeccircuitv isI under the influence of a composite picture signal, electron discharge device of control ydevice `vvili be biased such that it' may conduct; passingl and separating the horizontal and vertical synchronizing pulses which have been fed from the output of device 5 to thecontrol device `8 throughl conductor 13. The conduction of control device A provides for blockingl of the pulses'frozn sources I and Zand allows the presentation of the derived synchronizing pulses to `the .terminals til and H through devices Y3 and 4, respectively. v

.The schematic diagram of the embodiment, as above described, is villustratedv in Fig. A3. Video signal, with or without synchronizing pulses, from source 9 is applied to terminal M Where it is Ainiiuenced by the grid-leak bias and `electron discharge device 5a. .The grid-leak bias. and D.C. restoring circuits.comprise resistors t6, il, i8, condensers I9, 20,' and the .grid-.t5 and cath'- ode 2l of the pentode type electron vdischarge device 5a. Grid I5 and cathode 2| .'function as a diode component of the D.C. this embodiment with the. remaining portions of the pentode device 5a functioningas'an amplifier, resistors 22, 23, and va Vplate potential; of say +150 volts, atterminal 24 providingthe appropriate anode 25andvscreen grid 2B potential'for amplication. f f

The operation `of device Scand its associated circuitry including the grid-leakand D.C.frc' storing circuitsisy to remove the synchronizing pulses from the video signal yand `amplify .these derived pulses for application to the appropriatey for automatically syn- 'chronizing a televisionmonitor Whether-the video points in the system signal contains synchronizing.v pulses .or not. When Vthe video signal has no synchronizing pulses, the portion of the blanking pulses removed from the video signal operates on the control device 8 such that synchronism is .obtained from the driving sources i and 2. s

Curve A of Fig. 2 illustrates ka composite picv` ture signal which may be'present :at terminal .|4.

A representative waveform of a videosignalrwith-i out synchronizing pulses may be obtained-by vrei-- moving the illustrated .synchronizing pulses froml curve A. The component values of the control,

grid circuit of device 5a are chosen to :cooperate with the sharp cut-olf characteristic ofrdevice' 5a to slice a section from the curve A asindicated by the dotted line'2l. .Thus, .the synchroniz-l ing pulses are separated from thev videoisignal, and at the anode of device awould Jee-found an amplified pulse train, substantially fas shown in curve B. In the case of a video signal Without synchronizing pulses,` only the pedestal pulses will bepresent, however, .the amplitude of .this

pedestal portion under this condition will be large due to the inherentv operation of the D.`C. restoring circuit.. Such a pulse'train' is shownfin curve BI as may be obtained by slicing-a section between top of .pedestal pulse and dotted line 28 of curve A, synchronizing pulse's'being absent. From the anode of device 5a either of these twovsignals, depending upon Athe signal from source 9, will be conducted to the control `grid' circuit of electron discharge. device tu and the control grid circuit of device ila.

The conduction of the ypulses of curve B tothe grid circuit of device 6a is providedby resistor 29. The grid v32 will be influenced principally by restoring circuit in 6 the horizontal :synchronizing pulses, as .substantiallyshown in curve C., enlarged for clarity, when synchronizing pulses are `present on the video signal.. *The zvertical synchronizing pulse, occurring.A

presence .of synchronizing pulses at input I4. If-

there is present video Without synchronizing pulses, the pedestal pulse of curve 'D will appear at grid 32, zdue tothe peak clippingaction of device 5a. The positive pulse output of electron discharge device ta lat anode 33 is applied t0 theidelay line 3ft to produce a pulse having a delay time :of .approximately 6 microseconds from the leading edge of the original positive pulse output attanode y35i, this original positive pulsekcorrespending intime relation to the negative pulse at grid 32,. The input to the bias generator electron .discharge device at grid Sii will be substantially as :shown in curves E' or F of Eig. 2 depend-- ing upon the signal applied to the input ter minal le. Provisions arernade to establish the proper .cathode 36 potential and grid 35 potential by applying a negative potential to terminal 31 vand employing the resistance lnetwork comprisingresi-stors 3'8, 36, and e0. In a bias generator 'Where it yis desired to develope a negative control voltage, a negative potential is applied to the 4cathode 36, of say -135 volts, and then for proper operation the .anode 4i is grounded,

` through a plate'load resistor 42. Also, to estab-v lish .the proper swing of plate voltage in anode 33y as indicated in curve E of Fig. 2, very little pulse.

voltage will appear across anode load resistor yft2, due 'to Vthe magnitude of the .static negative bias voltage applied to grid 35 with respectto rcathode V36, which .is lsufficient to keep lthe electron discharge device la cut oi in the presence of these pulses at grid 35. Under these conditions during thepresence of the vertical synchronizing l pulses introduced by the delay line puise.L acting in conjunction with the delayed 34, the amplitude of the puise present at grid 35 Will be suilicient to cause the electron discharge device 'la to conductduring a relatively small interval. LThe elect of the vertical synchronizing pulse under these conditions is further minimized by the in-L troduction of -a diierentiating circuit or high pass lter comprising condenser 30 and resistor 3L between anode 33 and input to the delay line 34 whichhas a time constant designed to essentialiy pass the horizontal synchronizing pulses and pedestal pulses and to discriminate or render comparatively ineffective the vertical synchronizing pulse. However, in the presence ofelevated pulse i2 at the input to the lbias generator discharge device la, substantially as indicated in curve F of Fig. 2, there is suiicient amplitude to overcomethe negative bias of electron discharge device la and cause Aconduction of anode current duringftlie vduration of the rpulse l 2. In this case partially integrated pulses in a negative sense appear across anode lo-ad 42 bridged by condenser 42a. This pulsating voltage across resistor .42 acts as a source for the integrating circuit hereabove described in connection with Fig. 1. The integrating circuit comprises resistors 44, 45 and condensers 46, 41 with condenser 41 developing a D.C. voltage having a negative sense and proportional to the duration of the pulse applied to grid 35 of the bias generator electron discharge device 1a when this signal has suiiicient amplitude to cause conduction. Due to the biasing arrangement therein incorporated and the considerations described above, a very small negative D.C. voltage will be developed when the circuit is influenced by a composite picture signal, while a large amount of negative D.C. voltage will be available when the circuit is influenced by a video signal without synchronizing pulses. This large amount of D.C. voltage, as hereinabove described, is due to the large amplitude peak or pip i2 in curve F of Fig. 2 caused by the overlapping of the original pulse and its delayed counterpart. Thus the D.C. voltagedeveloped at condenser 4l, dependent upon the signal being monitored, determines whether the control and synchronizing separator 8 is made operative or inoperative.

When the signal being monitored is a composite picture signal, the negative D.C. voltage applied to grid 48 biases the control discharge device 8a such that it will be operative allowing the passage of the synchronizing pulses from the grid 48 to the anode 49. ing pulses being conducted through control device 8a are derived from anode 25 of electron device and conducted therefrom by conductor I3. However, if the signal being monitored is a video signal without synchronizing pulses, the negative D.C. voltage applied to grid 48 will be very large. This large negative voltage biases the control device 8a. below cut-off, making it inoperative. In such an instance, the pedestal pulse conducted through conductor I3 will not be passed.

Further, besides the normal operation of biasing device 8a, synchronizing selector control 5I) is available at the grid 48 of the control device 8a which allows the operator, if desired, to permanently bias device 3a below cut-oi. Thus synchronization of the sweep circuits will then be derived from the driving sources I and 2 at all times.

Continuing with the remaining portion of the automatic synchronizing circuit, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that when control device Ba is inoperative, there is no current drawn by screen grid 5I, therefore, the potential at point 52 will be approximately equal to the anode supply potential at terminal 24 minus the potential drop determined by the resistance divider circuit composing resistances 5Ia and 5Ib. Further, the cathodes 53 and 54 of the vertical synchronizing amplifier 4d and the horizontal synchronizing amplier 3a, respectively, have a positive potential established thereon at a value equivalent to the anode source at terminal 24 minus the voltage drop across resistors 55. Under these potential conditions, the synchronizing pulses from sources I and 2 are presented to the grids 5G and 5l oi the horizontal ampliiier 3a and the vertical amplifier 4a, respectively, for ampliiication and presentation to the vertical sweep circuit through terminal II and the horizontal sweep circuit through terminal Ill.

However, when control tube-8al is operative,

These synchroniz- 1 video signals,

the synchronizing pulsesV appear at plate 49. Through means provided by the resistive-capacitive networks 58 and 59, the synchronizing pulses are separated for application to grids B0 and 6I of amplifiers 3a and 4a. Network 58 forms a high-pass filter which essentially passes the horizontal synchronizing pulses only, while network 59 forms a low pass filter which essentially passes the vertical synchronizing pulses only. Simultaneously, current is drawn by screen 8a causing the potengrid 5I of control device tial at pointv 52 to decrease. This decrease of potential is such that grids 5B and 51 are negative with respect to cathodes 54 and 53, respectively, causing these sections of the double triode devices 3a and 4a to be inoperative. Thus, the separated synchronizing pulses from the networks 58 and` 59 are amplied and presented for synchronism of their respective sweep circuits.

The embodiment hereabove described provides for automatically synchronizing television monitor sweep circuits from either separate horizontal and vertical driving pulses or the composite picture signals by the means of establishing a proper bias on control device 8a and ampliiiers 3a and 4a. The establishment of this bias depends wholly on the characteristics of the incoming signal itself which, in the manner hereabove described, automatically synchronizes the monitor sweep circuits.

While we have described above the principles of our invention in connection with specific apparatus, it is to be clearly understood that this description is made only by way of example and not as a limitation to the scope of our invention as set forth in the objects thereof and in the accompanying claims.

We claim:

1. An automatic synchronizing system for television monitoring comprising a source of detector means responsive to signals of said source to produce control voltages in accordance with the presence or absence of synchronizing pulses in said video source, an independent source of driving synchronizing signals, and gate means in control of the output of said independent source, said gate means being responsive to said control voltages to pass synchronizing `signals from said independent source when there is an absence of synchronizing signals in said video source.

2; An automatic synchronizing system according to claim 1, wherein said detector means includes stripping means to remove synchronizing signals from said video source for application to said gate means.

3. An automatic synchronizing system according to claim 2, wherein said stripping means comprises a sharpcut-oi pentode type electron discharge device and a clamping circuit including the control grid and the cathode of said pentode type device and a resistive-capacitive network coupled between said control grid and said cathode, the output of said clamping circuit being electron coupled to the remaining elements of said pentode device for ampliiication.

4. An automatic synchronizing system according to claim 2, wherein said gate means comprises an electron discharge device, a synchronizing signal separator coupled to the anode of said discharge device for separating the synchronizing signals of said video source into horizontal and vertical components, and a bias network coupled between said discharge device and said synchronizing separator to eliminate the .escasas rives ftherefroin `in saidffniter network, andsbe'- ing. responsive to thedriving synchronizing signals from said Aindependent source 'in the ab* sence ofsynchronizi g signa'lin said video source for passagel of the selected: `synchronizing com-- Donents.' ff f'- f 6. y Anvautomatic synchronizing .system accord-.f ing. to'ilclaim 5,' 'wherein said iilter-f-networkcomprises a high pass` section v and a flowpass :section, said high-pass 'section` passing thehorizontal synchronizing component and said low passf'section passing the verticalsynchronizing componenttojtheir respective sections of said ampliner unit.

.7. An automatic synchronizing system according to 'claim 5, wherein said ampli'iier unit comprises a horizontal' synchronizing'sectin and' a vertical synchronizing section, each section characterized to be responsive to the voltage from said bias network to pass or block synchronizing components from said independent source depending upon the absence or presence of the synchronizing signal in said video source, respectively. y

8. An automatic synchronizing system according to claim 4, wherein said bias network is coupled to said electron dischargedevice for development of a positive voltage on the control grid of said amplifier unit when said electron discharge device is non-conductive and a less positive voltage when said electron discharge device is conductive.

' 9. An automatic synchronizing system according to claim 4, wherein said electron discharge device comprises a pentode type device maintained non-conductive by said control voltages when synchronizing signals are absent from said video source and conductive when synchronizing signals are present in said video source.

10. An automatic synchronizing lsystem according to claim 9, further including a switching means coupled to the control grid of said pentode type device to render said pentode type device non-conductive at the discretion of an operator.

11. An automatic synchronizing system according to claim 1, wherein said independent source comprises a horizontal driving source and a vertical driving source coupled to said gate means for production of synchronism in the monitor sweep circuits in the absence of synchronizing signals in said video source.

l2. An automatic synchronizing system according to claim 2, wherein said detector means further includes a pulse Vwidth discriminator accepting the stripped synchronizing signal from said stripping means in the case of a composite video signal in said video source and pedestal pulses only when the video signal of said source is without synchronizing signals, ak bias voltage generator, means to apply to said generator the pulse output of said discriminator, said generator producing a large negative control voltage when synchronizing signals are present in said video source and a small negative control voltslynchronizinrgisystem f accorddischargefdevice, a 'delay synchronizing pulse to a agewhen pedestalpulses only lare present in said video' source; K 513.' An'automaticsynchronizing system according to claim lZywhe'rein said bias generator comprisesfatriode type electron'discharge device coupled to said pulse Width discriminatorv and ari-'integrating circuit coupled to the anode of saidV tride'device, said integrating circuit being responsive 4to the amplitude-time duration of the pulses present at the control grid ci said triode device when conducting, krthe output of said integrating circuit providing said control voltages tof-bias said gate means vto passv synchronizing signals from said vindependent source when there-issn1 absence of synchronizing signals in saidI-videosource. l ,j

^ -14-.'A n" automatic-synchronizing systemv ac- `cordingtoclaim 12,' wher`ein said pulse width discriminator comprises a 'triode type electron line coupled to the an- 'od'efo'fsaid triode device, and a nlter network coupled between said anode Vand said delay line, said iter network."comprisesA a high pass 4ilter section toreduce the 'amplitude of the vertical tolerable amount prior to application to said delay line, said vertical pulse being present in said stripped synchronizing signal.

l5. An automatic synchronizing system according to claim 14, wherein said delay line has an electrical length slightly greater than onehalf the time duration of a horizontal synchronizing pulse in said video source whereby the output from said pulse width discriminator includes the original pulse and its delayed counterpart produced by said delay line.

16. An automatic synchronizing system according to claim 15, wherein said delay line has a delay characteristic slightly greater than the duration of a horizontal synchronizing pulse but less than the duration of a pedestal pulse thereby producing at the output of.r said discriminator an original synchronizing pulse and its delayed counterpart slightly separated in time in the case of composite video from said'video source and an overlapped original 'pedestal pulse and its delayed counterpart in the case of video Without synchronizing signals from said video source.

17. In an automatic synchronizing system for television monitoring, a detector means to produce control voltages in accordance with the presence or absence of synchronizing pulses in a source of video signals comprising a pulse width discriminator including an electron discharge device, a high pass lter section, and an openended delay line, a bias generator, stripping means to remove synchronizing pulses from said video signals, said discriminator discriminating between horizontal synchronizing pulses and horizontal blanking pulses coupled from said stripping means to the control grid of said cliscriminator, said open-ended delay line coupled between the anode of said discriminator and said bias generator through said high pass filter section developing pulses determined by the presence or absence of synchronizing signals in said source of video signals, and an integrating circuit coupled between the output of said bias generator and a means responsive to the control voltages developed in said integrating circuit proportional t0 the amplitude-time duration of the pulses produced by the cooperation of said discriminator and the biasing arrangement of said bias generator.

18. In an automatic synchronizing system for television monitoring, a means to pass synchronizing signals from a video signal source comprising a stripping means to remove synchronizing signals from a composite video signal from said source, a detector responsive to synchronizing signals from said stripping means to produce a control voltage, and a gate circuit coupled to the outputl of said stripping means, said gate circuit being responsive to the control voltage from said detector to pass synchronizing pulses from said stripping means.

19. In an automatic synchronizing system according to claim 18, wherein `said gate circuit comprises an electron discharge device, a synchronizing signal separator coupled to the anode of said discharge device for separating said synchronizing signal into its horizontal and vertical components, and a bias network coupled between said discharge device and said synchronizing separator to eliminate the passage of driving synchronizing signals from an independent synchronizing source in the presence of synchronizing signals at said video source.

20. In an automatic synchronizing system according to claim 19, wherein said synchronizing signal separator comprises a filter network and an amplier unit having a control grid, said amplier unit characterized to be responsive to the respective components of said synchronizing signal derived in said lter network` under a first condition where there are synchronizing signals in said video source and responsive to said driving synchronizing signals underv a second condition where there is an absence of synchronizing signals in said video source, said electron discharge device having a screen grid electrode and said bias network being coupled to said screen grid electrode for development of a positive voltage on the control grid of said amplifier unit when said device is conductive under said first condition and a less positive voltage when said device is non-conductive under said second condition providing for the proper selection and passage of the synchronizing signals.

References Cited in the iile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 

